{"id":174,"date":"2011-02-23T12:47:08","date_gmt":"2011-02-23T12:47:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/?p=174"},"modified":"2026-02-08T12:46:18","modified_gmt":"2026-02-08T12:46:18","slug":"mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\/","title":{"rendered":"Mostafa Saber: \u00a0On revolutions in Egypt, Tunisia, and\u00a0Iran"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"mostafasaber\"<\/a>
\n<\/strong>
\n1. The revolutions in Egypt, Tunisia, and of course Iran in 2009, despite their differences and distinctions, have common historical and universal characteristics. To categorize these revolutions (in the context of recent opposition and revolutionary movements in Yemen, Algeria and Jordan) as developments of the \u201cIslamic world,\u201d the \u201cArab world,\u201d as \u201cregional\u201d (Middle East and North Africa), etc., explains some aspects of these developments, but ignores their essential characteristics and determinants. These popular revolutions and movements are the standard-bearers of a new revolutionary and radical era in the global arena. This is another page of the history of class struggle in the age of globalized capital, and if it does not have broader impacts than the \u201cend of the Cold War\u201d or \u201cSeptember 11\u2033 on the world\u2019s appearance, it will not have less than them either. The difference is that if \u201cthe fall of the Soviet Union\u201d and the \u201cWar on Terror\u201d display the struggle between different bourgeois poles, and serve as launching boards for reaction and\u00a0retrogression, the recent revolutions stand against those reactionary developments and mark the beginning of a period of direct and broad participation of the working class and revolutionary people in the shaping of global social changes.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

    \n
  1. The above-mentioned revolutions and changes are first and foremost rooted in the economic and political situation of global capitalism at the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st, particularly in the past ten years. The most fundamental causes of these changes \u2013 the continuing technological revolution (starting from the 1970s onward), the rapid and unprecedented expansion of capitalism and the global market, and the \u00a0degree to which billions of human beings all over the world share the same fate as wage slaves \u2013 are all expanding.\u00a0\u00a0On the one hand, there is a deepening of the global economic crisis, an exponential expansion of relative poverty, and an unprecedented explosion in the population of those who are jobless, starving, and lacking in rights. On the other, there is an expansion of accumulated legendary wealth, an oligarchy of banks and monetary institutions, and a handful of multi-billionaires, all of which are robbing \u00a0human beings and plundering the natural environment.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>\n

    The retrogressive political and cultural reaction that corresponds to these economic changes (dominance of the new right in the \u201980s; emergence of the ideology of the new world order; post-modernist reaction in the 1990s; the war on terror; imposition of a police-state on the political atmosphere of the entire world; the expansion of corrupt, suppressive, deceptive governments; religious, ethnic and national reaction; and corrupt and servile journalism especially in the last decade) has cultivated a vast and fertile ground for worldwide dissent and radical protest against the status quo. The technological revolution \u2013 the expansion of internet, satellite, and mobile telephone in the past decade \u2013 has taken on colossal dimensions. At the same time, the possibilities for connecting, for exchanging ideas and learning, for forming a radical international culture, for rapidly and spontaneously organizing and demonstrating the presence of the masses, especially the young generations \u2014 these possibilities have soared. On these technological, economic, political, social and cultural bases, the world has entered a revolutionary period, one in which the involvement of broad swaths of society in each of these arenas,\u00a0and the social changes thereby implied,\u00a0are unprecedented in the history of humankind.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

      \n
    1. From the \u201canti-globalization\u201d movement that\u00a0announced itself to the world in Seattle, Washington\u00a0in 1999\u00a0and expanded to the whole of Europe; to the millions worldwide that protested against the US invasion of Iraq in 2003; through until the recent workers strikes and youth protests in Greece, France, England and elsewhere against the increase in age of retirement, the increase in the burden of various fees, and other consequences of the economic crisis of 2009; from the \u201cturning to the left\u201d of America\u2019s government under the pressure of public demands, to workers\u2019 strikes and the dissatisfaction that increases day by day against the governmental capitalist dictatorship in China and the Russian mafia; from the Gaza Youth\u2019s Manifesto for Change, which bashes Hamas and Israel equally, to hardened dissatisfaction and related changes in American society itself, which is challenging the traditional dominance of the two \u201cWall Street\u201d parties \u2014 all of these, despite their differences and distinctions, have the same essence as those revolutions and revolutionary developments ongoing in North Africa and the Middle East, including what happened in Iran in 2009.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

       <\/p>\n

      The common denominator among all these changes is the ascent of radical popular movements that aim to change the status quo, which, at the end of the day, is a reflection of the contemporary proletarian class struggle against slavery and global capitalist reaction.\u00a0 In other words, after almost 4 decades, the offensive of the new right \u2014 empowered by the descent and defeat of bourgeois socialism and communism (both \u201cEastern\u201d state capitalism of the Russian type and the \u201cWestern\u201d state capitalism of the welfare state) \u2014 continued without pause and pushed the world to an unprecedented state of reaction and degradation.\u00a0 Now it has been more than a decade since radical left demands for justice and freedom, and workers\u2019 demands for equality,\u00a0 step by step, have been emerging here and there, trying \u2014 by making mistakes and then learning from them, and even sometimes by acting as pressure groups for other movements\u00a0instead of representing itself\u00a0\u2013 to declare its own clear and undiscounted presence, a declaration that cannot be anything other than putting an end to wage slavery and abolishing the capitalist system and all of its symptoms.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Lack of clear political objectives and identity; absence of leading political, communist, and workers\u2019 parties and movements; non-existence of rooted and radical popular organizations ready to take the control of this energy, on the one hand, and the existence of deep, humane radicalism, enormous creative power, and mass organizational initiatives, carried over modern communications technologies that provide the opportunity to rapidly overcome the shortcomings inherited from the recent dark decades, on the other hand, are general characteristics of these revolutions and popular movements calling for deep and radical changes.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Revolutions in Egypt, Tunisia and Iran, despite their distinct characteristics, all demonstrate various aspects of the same general and universal reflection of the world, and in reality, are an eruption of a revolutionary volcano in those areas where the earth\u2019s crust is thinnest under the feet of contemporary capitalism.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

         <\/p>\n

        The Middle East specifically, for historical reasons \u2014 including the issue of Palestine and the Arab-Israeli dispute, and the rise of political Islam (which was supported by the west in its empowerment of Khomeini to suppress the 1979 popular revolution in order to support the \u201cAfghan Mujahedin\u201d in drawing a \u201cgreen belt\u201d around the Soviet Union during the cold war era.\u00a0In the aftermath of\u00a0the crash of the Soviet Union,\u00a0political Islam grew to fill\u00a0the resultant vacuum, and a world with two fronts [‘the West’ and ‘political Islam’] eventually emerged; after September 11, a global reactionary pole prevailed) \u2014 has been the point of confluence of the world\u2019s tensest crises, dead ends\u00a0and military disputes for the past two decades.<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        The power struggle between western militarism and Islamic terrorism in the past decade \u2014 (from the September 11 crime, the war on terror, the American and Western invasion of Iraq and Afghanistan, the crimes of Israel against the people of Lebanon and Palestine, and the bombing of European cities by Islamists, to the emergence of groups like Hamas in Palestine and Hezbollah in Lebanon) \u2014 has been the main source of retrogression and attacks against humanity in all its aspects, not only in the region but around the world. The Iranian peoples\u2019 revolution in 2009, and now the revolutions of the people of Egypt and Tunisia (which undoubtedly are influenced by the 2009 Iranian revolution), are, from the political aspect, first and foremost against the \u201cwar on terror\u201d and against the entirety of the reactionary atmosphere that the dispute between the bourgeois power centres\u00a0have enforced on the world.<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        Neither did Iranian people, who rose in revolution against the regime of political Islam, intend or want to bring about another Western puppet dictator, nor did the people of Egypt and Tunisia, who were under the dominance of pro-Western dictatorships, have any intention of bringing political Islam to power. One common denominator of these revolutions, which has been noticed and supported by the people of the world, is precisely this freedom-embracing, secular quality, this\u00a0valuing of human dignity and respect.\u00a0 As far as the conflict between political Islam and Western militaristic powers are concerned regarding the revolutions of Iran, Tunisia and Egypt: we can say that a giant and social third front\u00a0is rising in front of these two [reactionary] fronts, and is shaping itself in the midst of the battleground between these two fronts, with the objective of putting an end to this prolonged reactionary war. Even if it is only for this common denominator of these [revolutionary] movements, we can say that a new era has emerged in the world\u2019s politics: an era in which the West cannot suppress the opposition in the name of the fight against \u201cIslamic terrorism.\u201d An era in which Islamists and the most reactionary forces of the contemporary ages are not able, in the name of \u201cthe struggle against the West,\u201d to drag humanity down to the burning depths of Islamic hell. Now, there is a third front in the field, one that is characterized by freedom, prosperity, respect, dignity, and equality of\u00a0human beings and which has already had large impacts. A decisive political victory of this third power in a country like Iran or Egypt will change the political features of the entire world.<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

          \n
        1. In a deeper level, these revolutions interrupt the entirety of the political equations in the Middle East and North Africa and, in this respect, the whole world. The various forms of governance\u00a0in the region, whether they are pro-Western nationalist dictatorships or anti-West Islamic governments, are\u00a0both unequivocally\u00a0going to descend into deeper crisis due to peoples\u2019 demands and participation. The influence of the West and the United States throughout the region, and the position of the Israeli government as the main ally and iron fist of the West, are going to be questioned and redefined. The Palestinian issue, which during the past decades had become a field where the dispute between political Islam reaction and Western militarism played out, is going to be redefined. These recent revolutions are going to send a shockwave of demands for justice and radicalism against Islamic reactionary movements and Palestinian nationalism, as well as against the crimes of the West, Israel, and right-wing movements in Israeli society.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

           <\/p>\n

          The political balance, not only in Palestinian and Arab societies, but even inside Israel, is going to be altered. Already different parts of the Middle East and North Africa have started revolutions and popular revolutionary movements against poverty, misery, and absolute lack of rights, and for change of the status quo; these movements are going to spread in this [revolutionary] form or others. The position of women and the horrific reaction that exists [against women] in the Islamic-infested countries are going to change, and women\u2019s liberation movements throughout the whole region will gain strength. Secularism and demands for freedom and equality are going to gain strength everywhere, and the working class is going to increase its political participation in different areas.\u00a0 All of these changes mean that the whole position of the Middle East and the reactionary balance that has been in place over the past decades are going to change fundamentally. This, in turn, is not only going to disrupt the global balance of power and international power equations between the bourgeois fronts, but between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie in every country.<\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

            \n
          1. In a more historical perspective, the objective meaning of the current changes and revolutions in the Middle East and North Africa is one of a revolutionary and popular initiative and attempt to completely transfer Arab-speaking and Islam-infested societies into the 21st century in all economic, social, cultural, and political dimensions.\u00a0 Based on these changes,\u00a0the struggle between the two main social classes of the society\u00a0\u2013 which is not only about how to integrate these societies into the 21st century, but is in its very essence about the definition of human societies in the 21st century \u2014 is going to intensify and take on new dimensions that expand beyond the region. The reality is that technological developments and unprecedented expansion of capitalism and global markets, which were explained above, not only resulted in an end to the main polarization of the Cold War era (i.e., the confrontation between the state capitalism of the East and free market capitalism of the west),<\/strong>but is going to end all hitherto bourgeois [divisions] or, redefine them according to the new balance of power and global capitalism\u2019s needs.Thus, the division of the world between \u201cindustrial countries\u201d and \u201cthe third world,\u201d or other categories like \u201cthe Islamic world\u201d or \u201cthe Arab world,\u201d etc., will be put an end to.\u00a0 The world is moving inexorably towards a more homogenous culture and way of life.\u00a0 This historical inclination is primarily encouraged by capitalism in its own way, for more profitability, and therefore to equalize the status of the world\u2019s proletariat.\u00a0Capitalism naturally tends towards imposing ever-more arduous conditions on the entire world\u2019s proletariat \u2014 in other words, the vast majority of contemporary human society.\u00a0 Politically speaking, this inevitably means pushing society towards retrogression and political reaction, towards police states, and towards attacking the rights and achievements that working and freedom-loving people have achieved thus far.\u00a0 This is a process the unfolding of which we have witnessed over the past 4 decades around the world. But history is not created by capitalism and bourgeoisie alone.\u00a0 To the contrary, and exactly against the political and economic tendencies of capitalism, the demands and tendencies of the proletariat \u2014 the vast human masses of our time who stand in defense of freedom and equality and prosperity and humanity \u2014 have found a global and common characteristic. Labor and social production have become global, as have peoples\u2019 demands, from the level of wages and the degree of welfare, to political freedoms and individual and civil rights, to cultural preferences \u2014 all merge and unite and do so according to the highest global standards.\u00a0 This is a tendency that has, especially in the last decade, characterized various political movements, and we have witnessed their emergence throughout the world.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

             <\/p>\n

            The Middle East, due to its complexities and intensive historical contradictions, is a place in which vast masses \u2014 from their own angle of interests, against the divisions of contemporary capitalism and its reactionary and anti-human satellites \u2014 have risen in revolution.\u00a0 But these battles, in order to triumph, ought to go to the roots. They ought to not only push back the powerful wave of political and ideological reaction of the capitalist class against communism, against the freedom-seeking nature of the working class, and against any demand for justice in the past few decades, but put an end to corruption, to the police state, and to religious and ethnic-nationalist states, along with their ideological excuses like \u201cthe end of history\u201d and \u201ctriumph of democracy,\u201d \u201ccultural relativism,\u201d \u201cthe war of cultures,\u201d \u201cIslamists,\u201d etc.\u00a0 They should finally stand against the rule of capitalism and its global market, which is the root of all current poverty and misery, reaction and regression.\u00a0 The real answer to the immediate demands and desires of millions of people who have entered the field to determine their fate is nothing other than dispossession of all charlatans, generals, and billionaire mullahs; establishing socialism; and putting an end to capitalist barbarism.<\/p>\n

             <\/p>\n

            In this historical context, the revolutions of Egypt, Tunisia, and Iran are standard-bearers of the working-class revolutions of the 21st century, with an aim of putting an end to 300 years of capitalist rule. The victory of these revolutions, more than anything else, will be due to the formation of leading radical and worker communist parties and political forces that aim clearly at the horizons of social revolution, at the emancipation of the entirety of humanity from the yoke of capitalism, and at organizing and leading the endeavors and efforts of the\u00a0masses\u00a0in this direction.<\/p>\n

             <\/p>\n

            Achieving these objectives is undoubtedly more possible\u00a0now\u00a0than at any other time before the above-mentioned revolutions and developments in the Middle East and North Africa. The vast global support and appreciation of Iran\u2019s 2009 revolution, and now of Egypt and Tunisia\u2019s revolutions, and the passion and hope for emancipation among people of the world, are clear indications of the correctness of this evaluation.\u00a0 The crucial issue here is shaping this leadership and portraying the horizon of emancipation from the yoke of capitalism in the form of specific political choices in accordance with specific local situations. There is no need to emphasize that our party, in this regard, bears the heaviest burden.<\/p>\n

             <\/p>\n

            Early February 2011
            \nMostafa Saber<\/p>\n

            Head of the political<\/strong> borough of Worker-Communist Party of<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Iran<\/strong><\/p>\n

             <\/p>\n

            Translation: Ahmad Fatemi<\/p>\n

            Editing: Maria Rohaly<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            1. The revolutions in Egypt, Tunisia, and of course Iran in 2009, despite their differences and distinctions, have common historical and universal characteristics. To categorize these revolutions (in the context of recent opposition and revolutionary […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","iawp_total_views":11,"nfd_image_url":"","nfd_onboarding_generated":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-174","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-by-mostafa-saber"],"yoast_head":"\nMostafa Saber: \u00a0On revolutions in Egypt, Tunisia, and\u00a0Iran - Worker-communist Party of Iran<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mostafa Saber: \u00a0On revolutions in Egypt, Tunisia, and\u00a0Iran - Worker-communist Party of Iran\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"1. The revolutions in Egypt, Tunisia, and of course Iran in 2009, despite their differences and distinctions, have common historical and universal characteristics. To categorize these revolutions (in the context of recent opposition and revolutionary [...]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Worker-communist Party of Iran\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/pg\/wpiinternational\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2011-02-23T12:47:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-02-08T12:46:18+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/mostafasaber.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"185\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"237\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@wpiran\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@wpiran\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"14 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/536bfaf8d031f382cbd02be427870320\"},\"headline\":\"Mostafa Saber: \u00a0On revolutions in Egypt, Tunisia, and\u00a0Iran\",\"datePublished\":\"2011-02-23T12:47:08+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-02-08T12:46:18+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":2854,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/10\\\/mostafasaber-150x150.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"by Mostafa Saber\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\\\/\",\"name\":\"Mostafa Saber: \u00a0On revolutions in Egypt, Tunisia, and\u00a0Iran - Worker-communist Party of Iran\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/10\\\/mostafasaber-150x150.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2011-02-23T12:47:08+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-02-08T12:46:18+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"http:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/10\\\/mostafasaber-150x150.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/10\\\/mostafasaber-150x150.jpg\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Mostafa Saber: \u00a0On revolutions in Egypt, Tunisia, and\u00a0Iran\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/\",\"name\":\"Worker-communist Party of Iran\",\"description\":\"Fighting for a better world\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Worker-communist Party of Iran\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/10\\\/logoHezb-kochik.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/10\\\/logoHezb-kochik.png\",\"width\":131,\"height\":90,\"caption\":\"Worker-communist Party of Iran\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/pg\\\/wpiinternational\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/wpiran\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/536bfaf8d031f382cbd02be427870320\",\"name\":\"Admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/8e3c0b953a537b5a6f80ec939f1fd37bbcfe4965ecce812039f19a572fe76e51?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/8e3c0b953a537b5a6f80ec939f1fd37bbcfe4965ecce812039f19a572fe76e51?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/8e3c0b953a537b5a6f80ec939f1fd37bbcfe4965ecce812039f19a572fe76e51?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Admin\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wpiran.org\\\/english\\\/author\\\/admin\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Mostafa Saber: \u00a0On revolutions in Egypt, Tunisia, and\u00a0Iran - Worker-communist Party of Iran","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Mostafa Saber: \u00a0On revolutions in Egypt, Tunisia, and\u00a0Iran - Worker-communist Party of Iran","og_description":"1. The revolutions in Egypt, Tunisia, and of course Iran in 2009, despite their differences and distinctions, have common historical and universal characteristics. To categorize these revolutions (in the context of recent opposition and revolutionary [...]","og_url":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\/","og_site_name":"Worker-communist Party of Iran","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/pg\/wpiinternational","article_published_time":"2011-02-23T12:47:08+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-02-08T12:46:18+00:00","og_image":[{"width":185,"height":237,"url":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/mostafasaber.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@wpiran","twitter_site":"@wpiran","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Admin","Est. reading time":"14 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\/"},"author":{"name":"Admin","@id":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/#\/schema\/person\/536bfaf8d031f382cbd02be427870320"},"headline":"Mostafa Saber: \u00a0On revolutions in Egypt, Tunisia, and\u00a0Iran","datePublished":"2011-02-23T12:47:08+00:00","dateModified":"2026-02-08T12:46:18+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\/"},"wordCount":2854,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/mostafasaber-150x150.jpg","articleSection":["by Mostafa Saber"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\/","url":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\/","name":"Mostafa Saber: \u00a0On revolutions in Egypt, Tunisia, and\u00a0Iran - Worker-communist Party of Iran","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/mostafasaber-150x150.jpg","datePublished":"2011-02-23T12:47:08+00:00","dateModified":"2026-02-08T12:46:18+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/mostafasaber-150x150.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/mostafasaber-150x150.jpg"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/mostafa-saber-on-revolutions-in-egypt-tunisia-and-iran\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Mostafa Saber: \u00a0On revolutions in Egypt, Tunisia, and\u00a0Iran"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/#website","url":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/","name":"Worker-communist Party of Iran","description":"Fighting for a better world","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/#organization","name":"Worker-communist Party of Iran","url":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/logoHezb-kochik.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/logoHezb-kochik.png","width":131,"height":90,"caption":"Worker-communist Party of Iran"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/pg\/wpiinternational","https:\/\/x.com\/wpiran"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/#\/schema\/person\/536bfaf8d031f382cbd02be427870320","name":"Admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8e3c0b953a537b5a6f80ec939f1fd37bbcfe4965ecce812039f19a572fe76e51?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8e3c0b953a537b5a6f80ec939f1fd37bbcfe4965ecce812039f19a572fe76e51?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8e3c0b953a537b5a6f80ec939f1fd37bbcfe4965ecce812039f19a572fe76e51?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Admin"},"url":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/author\/admin\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/174","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=174"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/174\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":177,"href":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/174\/revisions\/177"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=174"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=174"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpiran.org\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=174"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}